Many ancient civilizations had similarities, but also had differences. A similarity between Greece and the Renaissance was that they both had city states organized by government. The city states were very competitive and war was common. A difference between Greece and the Renaissance was that Greece had a monarchy, oligarchy, and tyranny before the democracy was developed. During the Renaissance period, not all of these types of governments were used. The government of China was very different from the Renaissance and Greece because it had dynasties. A similarity between China, Greece, and the Renaissance was that church was a huge part of everyday life.
Greece had many different forms of government. One form was monarchy, in which the ruling power was in the hands of a single person. Another type of government was the oligarchy which the ruling power was in the hands of a few leaders. During tyranny, the ruling power was in the hands of an individual who had seized control. The last and most successful type of government of Greece was the democracy, in which the ruling power was in the hands of all people. The democracy allowed every citizen to have a say in who becomes the ruler, and it is still used today in Greece. There were numerous dynasties in Chinese history. The first dynasty was the Shang dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty was separated into two smaller dynasties; the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In 221 B. C., the king of the strongest state, Qin, became Shi Huangdi, or “first emperor” under the Qin dynasty. The Han dynasty began in 206 B.C. and lasted until A.D. 220. The first Han ruler was a peasant who called himself Han Gaozu. More improvements were made under emperor Wu Di. Under his reign, China made many changes and advancements. He taxed and imported trade goods, as well as built roads. The Chinese emperors were similar to the leaders of any other government because there were some good and some not so good leaders. In early Greece and the Renaissance, trade was also used often. There were also many leaders during the Renaissance. One leader was Martin Luther who believed that Christians should not be judged by the good works they performed, but by their belief in God. Martin Luther was different from some of the empires in China because he focussed on religion more than government. People who agreed with Luther and followed his teachings were called Lutherans. The Renaissance began in Italy, which was organized into numerous city-states. The most prominent city-states included Florence, Venice, Milan, and Rome. As stated before, Greece also had city-states. Riches got through trade were used to employ artists, musicians, and scholars as well as to build elaborate palaces, churches, and public buildings. Leaders of the ruling families were often important leaders in the Catholic Church, which was involved in running the business of public life. Church controlled the lives of the people of the Renaissance too.
Therefore, there are many similarities and differences between the Renaissance, China, and Greece. The world should continue to learn about these civilizations to enhance understanding. By learning about the leadership and government of early civilizations, present civilizations can improve.
Martin Luther
Qin Shi Huang
Bibliography:
Lassieur, Allison. The Ancient Greeks. New York: Franklin Watts, 2004. Print.
Steele, Philip, and Jessie Lim. Step into The- Chinese Empire. London: Lorenz, 1998. Print.
Thompson, Kenneth. "Greece." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web.
22 May. 2013.
Scott Foresman Social Studies: The World. Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman, 2008. Print.
Introduction to the Renaissance. Peterborough, NH: Cobblestone Publications, 1994. Print.
Osman, Karen. The Italian Renaissance. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1996. Print.
Jaclyn and Annika
Government and Leadership
Rome, China, and Greece
Today, society is formed around its government and leaders. Even in ancient times, people were led by their authorities. Three advanced societies were Greece, Rome, and China. These three societies had a government that evolved into one that could be maintained and that people favored. So, though the societies were very different, they had similarities that helped them gain success.
In Ancient Greece, there were four types of government. The first was monarchy. There was a single (hence mono) king, to whom citizens would have to pay taxes and obey. Often, the throne would be hereditary. This was very similar to the government of ancient China. Chinese rulers had “dynasties”. These dynasties were the period when a certain family ruled over China. For example, the longest dynasty was the Zhou dynasty. When a Zhou leader conquered the final Shang leader’s armies, he took power. It was because of this fact that the Chinese dynasties were also similar to another type of Greek government, the tyranny. Just like in China, if a person who hoped to be the ruler defeated the current ruler, they would become ruler. However, in Greece, tyrants would often rule for short periods of time, while in China, dynasties would last for many centuries.
The ancient Chinese dynasties were similar to the the Roman empire, because of the hereditary rule, but they were also very different. During the Roman Empire, emperors ruled Rome. The throne came with immense power. Similarly, ancient Chinese Emperors would have absolute power. However, in the Roman Empire, rulers depended on violence and force. In ancient China, Confucians, people belonging to a major religion in ancient China, believed that their emperor had a divine right to govern for the good of all people, so the ruler were respected. In addition, Chinese dynasties were overthrown, and new dynasties were created, however in ancient Rome, the ruler passed on the throne to a chosen successor in their family, and the ruling family was never overthrown.
The Roman Republic was the basis of the modern democracy. The democracy was also used in ancient Greece, and is still there today. The Roman republic and the Greek democracy are similar and different in many ways. There was a senate in both the Republic and the democracy, however, there were 300 openings in the senate during the republic, and 500 in the democracy. Another difference is that in a democracy it doesn't matter whether you are rich or poor. But during the roman republic the populace did care; they mostly had the rich raised to the throne. However, they were also very similar. The greek democracy had a 30000-40000 man assembly that was made up of both rich and poor citizens. The roman republic had a similar unit of plebeians made up of about 35 poor citizens. There was also the consul, which was a group of elected officials from the upper classes. Each system allowed both rich and poor men to affect decisions, though in Rome, the group of poorer men were less influential.
The Roman Republic, the Roman Empire, the Greek democracy, and the Chinese dynasties all allowed people to participate in their government, but people also respected their leaders. The government in the past created a basis for the political practice today. Leaders helped citizens find their own independence, but also made sure that they kept in line. Even in the past, government was necessary to decide upon rules and regulations for citizens, and also to keep them safe.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
(Notes)
James, Simon. Ancient Rome. New York: Knopf, 1990. Print.
Williams, Brian. Ancient China. New York City: Viking, 1996. Print.
"China, Ancient." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 28 May. 2013.
Billy Burress and Andrew Doromal
Government and Leadership
Middle Ages, Mesopotamia, and Egypt
Similarities and Differences Between Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Middle Ages
Government between Ancient Mesopotamia, the Middle Ages, and Egypt were all pretty similar. Yet, some of them had differences. Such as different forms of government.
A similarity that all three civilizations had was that they all had a monarchy government. This means that the position of King or Pharaoh is going to get passed down to there heir or their oldest son. This affected life in these civilizations because people couldn’t vote and people would have no chance to speak their mind or have any power.
Another way these civilizations were similar is that they all showed tyranny. Tyranny is an act of overthrowing a ruler or leader. In the Middle Ages there were other kingdoms. Some kingdoms were friendly, but some kingdoms were not. Soldiers from other kingdoms tried to conquer other kingdoms. This is an example of tyranny. These Governments also had many differences.
First of all the leaders and how they came to be were not all the same. In the Middle Ages and in Egypt leaders came to be because they were heir to throne, where as in Mesopotamia leaders were elected during war to lead the citystate.
In the Middle Ages their government was known as feudalism. The lords supported the kings by doing his work. The lord's promise is to protect his vassals in return for work. If the lord fails to do that the king is responsible and they can challenge them a in court. In Egypt the Pharaoh was worshipped as a god whereas the Middle Ages and Mesopotamian leaders were not. In Mesopotamia leaders were actually elected during war.
Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Medieval of Middle Age governments all had similarities and differences. Such as all of them had the form of government Monarchy, yet some of them had tyranny because leaders overthrew their leaders. Leaders also differed because some were elected while others were hereditary. Governments have set the groundwork for the world today.
Bibliography: Schomp, Virginia. Ancient Mesopotamia: The Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. New York: Franklin Watts, 2004. Print. Hawass, Zahi A. Curse of the Pharaohs: My Adventures with Mummies. Washington, DC: National Geographic Society, 2004. Print. Mesopotamia: The Mighty Kings. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life, 1995. Print.
Shayaan Borok & Thea Sankari
Government & Leadership- Mesopotamia, Rome, & Middle Ages
Many ancient civilizations around the globe have similarities, yet some differences among their government and leadership. Government and leadership in Rome, Mesopotamia, and the Middle Ages worked together to provide a solid foundation for ancient civilizations by maintaining balance amongst the people and their leaders.
A similarity between Rome and Mesopotamia was that their leaders were dedicated to providing security and conquering new lands for a more successful empire. Julius Caesar, one of Rome’s most promising leaders, reorganized the militia, suggested new laws to assure protection, and improved how provinces were governed. King Sargon of Mesopotamia conquered the city states of Uruk, Ur, Umma, and Lagash, all in southern Mesopotamia.
A difference between the Middle Ages and Mesopotamia was that Mesopotamia had a dynasty, while the Middle Ages did not. A dynasty is a time period in which the ruling family’s royalty is passed on to future posterity's. The dynasty in Mesopotamia was the Akkadian. Another difference between Rome and the Middle Ages is that Rome reunited their people with the system of law and government. On the other hand, government in the Early Middle Ages corrupted the people of the time period.
A similarity between the Middle Ages and Mesopotamia is that warfare occurred frequently, and the leaders who ruled the empire were motivated by constant conquests. William the Conqueror invaded England in 1066 and was victorious. Inscriptions prove that Eannatum of Lagash raided other cities in order to gain more land in Mesopotamia.A similarity between Rome and the Middle Ages was that they were both influenced by a previous culture. The Romans were influenced by older culture, and the Middle Ages created the system of feudalism which organized society during lawless times after the fall of the Roman empire.
A difference between Rome and Mesopotamia is their leaders. Rome decided they were exhausted of having a King ruling over them, so the ruler was driven out. As a result, Rome became a republic. On the other hand, from 3000-2350 B.C.,the city state of Uruk had individual leaders, or en, meaning lord.
Rome, Mesopotamia, and the Middle Ages affected our present day lives through their leadership and government because they sparked new ideas for today's civilizations and how they are run. These differences and similarities were significant as they resemble current governing bodies that exist today as well as modern leadership styles.
Julius Caesar
Bibliography:
Dalal, Anita. Ancient Mesopotamia. Redding, CT: Brown Bear, 2009. Print. Corbishley, Mike. What Do We Know about the Romans? New York: Peter Bedrick, 1991. Print. Biel, Timothy L. The Age of Feudalism. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1994. Print. Cooper, Kenneth S. "Middle Ages." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 22 May. 2013. Snell, Daniel C. "Mesopotamia." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 22 May. 2013. Cooper, Kenneth S. "Middle Ages." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 22 May. 2013. Martell, Hazel. The Kingfisher Book of the Ancient World: From the Ice Age to the Fall of Rome. New York: Kingfisher, 1995. Print. Boyd, Candy Dawson., and Carol Berkin. Scott Foresman Social Studies. Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman, 2003. Print.
Amelia Effrein and Christina Kaufman
Government and Leadership
Greece, China, Renaissance
Many ancient civilizations had similarities, but also had differences. A similarity between Greece and the Renaissance was that they both had city states organized by government. The city states were very competitive and war was common. A difference between Greece and the Renaissance was that Greece had a monarchy, oligarchy, and tyranny before the democracy was developed. During the Renaissance period, not all of these types of governments were used. The government of China was very different from the Renaissance and Greece because it had dynasties. A similarity between China, Greece, and the Renaissance was that church was a huge part of everyday life.Greece had many different forms of government. One form was monarchy, in which the ruling power was in the hands of a single person. Another type of government was the oligarchy which the ruling power was in the hands of a few leaders. During tyranny, the ruling power was in the hands of an individual who had seized control. The last and most successful type of government of Greece was the democracy, in which the ruling power was in the hands of all people. The democracy allowed every citizen to have a say in who becomes the ruler, and it is still used today in Greece. There were numerous dynasties in Chinese history. The first dynasty was the Shang dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty was separated into two smaller dynasties; the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. In 221 B. C., the king of the strongest state, Qin, became Shi Huangdi, or “first emperor” under the Qin dynasty. The Han dynasty began in 206 B.C. and lasted until A.D. 220. The first Han ruler was a peasant who called himself Han Gaozu. More improvements were made under emperor Wu Di. Under his reign, China made many changes and advancements. He taxed and imported trade goods, as well as built roads. The Chinese emperors were similar to the leaders of any other government because there were some good and some not so good leaders. In early Greece and the Renaissance, trade was also used often. There were also many leaders during the Renaissance. One leader was Martin Luther who believed that Christians should not be judged by the good works they performed, but by their belief in God. Martin Luther was different from some of the empires in China because he focussed on religion more than government. People who agreed with Luther and followed his teachings were called Lutherans. The Renaissance began in Italy, which was organized into numerous city-states. The most prominent city-states included Florence, Venice, Milan, and Rome. As stated before, Greece also had city-states. Riches got through trade were used to employ artists, musicians, and scholars as well as to build elaborate palaces, churches, and public buildings. Leaders of the ruling families were often important leaders in the Catholic Church, which was involved in running the business of public life. Church controlled the lives of the people of the Renaissance too.
Therefore, there are many similarities and differences between the Renaissance, China, and Greece. The world should continue to learn about these civilizations to enhance understanding. By learning about the leadership and government of early civilizations, present civilizations can improve.
Lassieur, Allison. The Ancient Greeks. New York: Franklin Watts, 2004. Print.
Steele, Philip, and Jessie Lim. Step into The- Chinese Empire. London: Lorenz, 1998. Print.
Thompson, Kenneth. "Greece." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web.
22 May. 2013.
Scott Foresman Social Studies: The World. Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman, 2008. Print.
Introduction to the Renaissance. Peterborough, NH: Cobblestone Publications, 1994. Print.
Osman, Karen. The Italian Renaissance. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1996. Print.
Jaclyn and Annika
Government and Leadership
Rome, China, and Greece
Today, society is formed around its government and leaders. Even in ancient times, people were led by their authorities. Three advanced societies were Greece, Rome, and China. These three societies had a government that evolved into one that could be maintained and that people favored. So, though the societies were very different, they had similarities that helped them gain success.
In Ancient Greece, there were four types of government. The first was monarchy. There was a single (hence mono) king, to whom citizens would have to pay taxes and obey. Often, the throne would be hereditary. This was very similar to the government of ancient China. Chinese rulers had “dynasties”. These dynasties were the period when a certain family ruled over China. For example, the longest dynasty was the Zhou dynasty. When a Zhou leader conquered the final Shang leader’s armies, he took power. It was because of this fact that the Chinese dynasties were also similar to another type of Greek government, the tyranny. Just like in China, if a person who hoped to be the ruler defeated the current ruler, they would become ruler. However, in Greece, tyrants would often rule for short periods of time, while in China, dynasties would last for many centuries.
The ancient Chinese dynasties were similar to the the Roman empire, because of the hereditary rule, but they were also very different. During the Roman Empire, emperors ruled Rome. The throne came with immense power. Similarly, ancient Chinese Emperors would have absolute power. However, in the Roman Empire, rulers depended on violence and force. In ancient China, Confucians, people belonging to a major religion in ancient China, believed that their emperor had a divine right to govern for the good of all people, so the ruler were respected. In addition, Chinese dynasties were overthrown, and new dynasties were created, however in ancient Rome, the ruler passed on the throne to a chosen successor in their family, and the ruling family was never overthrown.
The Roman Republic was the basis of the modern democracy. The democracy was also used in ancient Greece, and is still there today. The Roman republic and the Greek democracy are similar and different in many ways. There was a senate in both the Republic and the democracy, however, there were 300 openings in the senate during the republic, and 500 in the democracy. Another difference is that in a democracy it doesn't matter whether you are rich or poor. But during the roman republic the populace did care; they mostly had the rich raised to the throne. However, they were also very similar. The greek democracy had a 30000-40000 man assembly that was made up of both rich and poor citizens. The roman republic had a similar unit of plebeians made up of about 35 poor citizens. There was also the consul, which was a group of elected officials from the upper classes. Each system allowed both rich and poor men to affect decisions, though in Rome, the group of poorer men were less influential.
The Roman Republic, the Roman Empire, the Greek democracy, and the Chinese dynasties all allowed people to participate in their government, but people also respected their leaders. The government in the past created a basis for the political practice today. Leaders helped citizens find their own independence, but also made sure that they kept in line. Even in the past, government was necessary to decide upon rules and regulations for citizens, and also to keep them safe.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
(Notes)
James, Simon. Ancient Rome. New York: Knopf, 1990. Print.
Williams, Brian. Ancient China. New York City: Viking, 1996. Print.
"China, Ancient." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 28 May. 2013.
Billy Burress and Andrew Doromal
Government and Leadership
Middle Ages, Mesopotamia, and Egypt
Similarities and Differences Between
Mesopotamia, Egypt, and the Middle Ages
Government between Ancient Mesopotamia, the Middle Ages, and Egypt were all pretty similar. Yet, some of them had differences. Such as different forms of government.
A similarity that all three civilizations had was that they all had a monarchy government. This means that the position of King or Pharaoh is going to get passed down to there heir or their oldest son. This affected life in these civilizations because people couldn’t vote and people would have no chance to speak their mind or have any power.
Another way these civilizations were similar is that they all showed tyranny. Tyranny is an act of overthrowing a ruler or leader. In the Middle Ages there were other kingdoms. Some kingdoms were friendly, but some kingdoms were not. Soldiers from other kingdoms tried to conquer other kingdoms. This is an example of tyranny. These Governments also had many differences.
First of all the leaders and how they came to be were not all the same. In the Middle Ages and in Egypt leaders came to be because they were heir to throne, where as in Mesopotamia leaders were elected during war to lead the citystate.
In the Middle Ages their government was known as feudalism. The lords supported the kings by doing his work. The lord's promise is to protect his vassals in return for work. If the lord fails to do that the king is responsible and they can challenge them a in court. In Egypt the Pharaoh was worshipped as a god whereas the Middle Ages and Mesopotamian leaders were not. In Mesopotamia leaders were actually elected during war.
Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Medieval of Middle Age governments all had similarities and differences. Such as all of them had the form of government Monarchy, yet some of them had tyranny because leaders overthrew their leaders. Leaders also differed because some were elected while others were hereditary. Governments have set the groundwork for the world today.
Bibliography:
Schomp, Virginia. Ancient Mesopotamia: The Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians. New York: Franklin Watts, 2004. Print.
Hawass, Zahi A. Curse of the Pharaohs: My Adventures with Mummies. Washington, DC: National Geographic Society, 2004. Print.
Mesopotamia: The Mighty Kings. Alexandria, VA: Time-Life, 1995. Print.
Shayaan Borok & Thea Sankari
Government & Leadership- Mesopotamia, Rome, & Middle Ages
Many ancient civilizations around the globe have similarities, yet some differences among their government and leadership. Government and leadership in Rome, Mesopotamia, and the Middle Ages worked together to provide a solid foundation for ancient civilizations by maintaining balance amongst the people and their leaders.
A similarity between Rome and Mesopotamia was that their leaders were dedicated to providing security and conquering new lands for a more successful empire. Julius Caesar, one of Rome’s most promising leaders, reorganized the militia, suggested new laws to assure protection, and improved how provinces were governed. King Sargon of Mesopotamia conquered the city states of Uruk, Ur, Umma, and Lagash, all in southern Mesopotamia.
A difference between the Middle Ages and Mesopotamia was that Mesopotamia had a dynasty, while the Middle Ages did not. A dynasty is a time period in which the ruling family’s royalty is passed on to future posterity's. The dynasty in Mesopotamia was the Akkadian. Another difference between Rome and the Middle Ages is that Rome reunited their people with the system of law and government. On the other hand, government in the Early Middle Ages corrupted the people of the time period.
A similarity between the Middle Ages and Mesopotamia is that warfare occurred frequently, and the leaders who ruled the empire were motivated by constant conquests. William the Conqueror invaded England in 1066 and was victorious. Inscriptions prove that Eannatum of Lagash raided other cities in order to gain more land in Mesopotamia.A similarity between Rome and the Middle Ages was that they were both influenced by a previous culture. The Romans were influenced by older culture, and the Middle Ages created the system of feudalism which organized society during lawless times after the fall of the Roman empire.
A difference between Rome and Mesopotamia is their leaders. Rome decided they were exhausted of having a King ruling over them, so the ruler was driven out. As a result, Rome became a republic. On the other hand, from 3000-2350 B.C.,the city state of Uruk had individual leaders, or en, meaning lord.
Rome, Mesopotamia, and the Middle Ages affected our present day lives through their leadership and government because they sparked new ideas for today's civilizations and how they are run. These differences and similarities were significant as they resemble current governing bodies that exist today as well as modern leadership styles.
Julius Caesar
Bibliography:
Dalal, Anita. Ancient Mesopotamia. Redding, CT: Brown Bear, 2009. Print.Corbishley, Mike. What Do We Know about the Romans? New York: Peter Bedrick, 1991. Print.
Biel, Timothy L. The Age of Feudalism. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1994. Print.
Cooper, Kenneth S. "Middle Ages." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 22 May. 2013.
Snell, Daniel C. "Mesopotamia." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 22 May. 2013.
Cooper, Kenneth S. "Middle Ages." The New Book of Knowledge. Grolier Online, 2013. Web. 22 May. 2013.
Martell, Hazel. The Kingfisher Book of the Ancient World: From the Ice Age to the Fall of Rome. New York: Kingfisher, 1995. Print.
Boyd, Candy Dawson., and Carol Berkin. Scott Foresman Social Studies. Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman, 2003. Print.